Unit 1 is about kinematics. In this unit, we are going to explore the difference between position, distance, and displacement. Also, we are going to interpret the position vs. time graph, velocity vs. time graph and acceleration vs. time graph. After accomplish all the learning targets, students will be able to solve problems by using the kinematic equations and the models.
Unit 1 Notes
Learning Targets
1.01A - Difference between position, distance, and displacement (change in position)
1.02A - Interpret/draw position vs. time graphs in terms of direction of motion, starting position speeding up/slowing down/constant velocity
1.03A - Interpret/draw velocity vs. time graphs in terms of direction of motion, starting position, speeding up/slowing down/constant velocity
1.04B - Calculate the average velocity/speed, or estimate the instantaneous velocity/speed, from a position-time graph for an object over a specified time
interval
1.05B - Use a velocity-time graph to determine acceleration and starting velocity and distinguish the concepts of velocity and acceleration
1.06B - Calculate the distance an object has traveled and its change in position from a velocity-time graph
1.07C - Connect representations of an accelerating object, including x-t graphs, v-t graphs, and a-t graphs, strobe diagrams/motion maps, and written
descriptions for objects moving in the positive or negative direction
1.08C - Solve problems using the constant velocity and uniform acceleration models
Edpuzzle Notes
1.01 Position, Velocity, Acceleration
- Displacement/Time=Velocity
- Velocity/Time=Acceleration --> Net Force
- Image 1
- http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Mechanics/motgraph.html
- Displacement
- Straight-line distance between initial & final points.
- It has direction and magnitude.
- Change in x <-- Chang in position of an object
- Change in x=Final x-Initial x
- It can be both positive and negative
- It can be measured in units such as feet, meter, kilometer and etc.
- Distance
- It does not have direction.
- It is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object has covered" during its motion.
- Displacement is NOT distance.
- Image 2
- http://thescienceclassroom.org/physics/motion-in-1-d/distance-and-displacement
- Velocity
- V=change in x/change in t=Final x-Initial x/Final time-Initial time
- It has both magnitude and direction
- Speed
- S= distance/time
- It has magnitude only, no direction
- Velocity is NOT speed
- Image 3
- https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-relation-between-velocity-and-speed
- Imagine a position-time graph
- Slope=m
- =rise/run
- =change in y/change in x
- =change in position/change in time
- =velocity
- The slope of a position as a function of time in velocity
- Acceleration
- It is a vehicle's capacity to gain speed within a short time.
- a=change in velocity/change in time=Final velocity-Initial velocity/Final time-Initial time=m/s/s
- Acceleration has both magnitude and direction
- Kinematic Equations
- Image 4
- Deciding which equation to use
- Image 5
- https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Physics-Kinematics-Equations-Chart-368435
- An object is in free-fall when
- the only force acting on it is the force of gravity
- It is not touching any other objects
- There is no air resistance (The vacuum that you can breath)
- When an object is in Free-Fall: (on planet earth)
- a in y-direction=-g=-9.8m/s/s
- g=Acceleration due to gravity
- g Earth=-9.8m/s/s
- g=Acceleration due to gravity
- g Earth=9.81 m/s/s
- g is not the same @ all location on the planet
- g is positive
- All motion is relative to a frame of reference
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